Carlos Martinez P.5 Yav
Refraction : contrived photo
This image displays what is commonly known as the "broken pencil" effect. The object inside the water seems to display a contradictory image to that which is expected. What makes the object's image distorted is known as something called refraction. Our sight depends on being able to accurately observe line of sight, however when light passes the the second medium (in this case being water), light path bends. Refraction only occurred at the boundaries, meaning that if viewing the object whilst inside the water, refraction is not noticeable. Depending on where the object in the water is placed, the distorted image has varying degrees of refraction.
Coin stack: contrived photo
In this image, there is a stack of coins that create a bridge-like formation and manage to hold themselves up in the middle despite there being seemingly no support. This was created by carefully placing a series of coins in a pattern formation where each coin is counteracted with mass and weight to not fall due to gravity. The strength of the coins lies primarily in the pillars, which holds the majority of the weight and creates a stable position for placing coins. Note that no glue is in use to make this happen. The pattern provides a counteracting force that successfully overcomes gravity and thus the middle section of the stack is held up strong. As long as the mass is displayed equally throughout the length of the structure, the pattern of coins will hold.
Balancing out the Forces : contrived
Every part of this structure is necessary for the set up to work. For example, the bottle that supports the bottom toothpick contains an ample amount of liquid to set a strong basis and foundation. The bottle holds up the rest of the structure, including the forks. Gravity is overcome by the mass that makes up both the water and the bottle that holds that water. The toothpick holding up the forks do not have more mass than the rest of the structure and so gravity cannot do bring it down. Once again I will stress that no glue nor tape nor adhesive of any kind was used. The balancing of forces is what makes the structure hold itself up.
String tension : contrived
The picture shown above displays greatly the difference of string tension when force is present and when it's absent. Though gravity does have an effect on both, there is much stronger tension on the string that is holding up the object in the middle. This is because the added mass also adds a larger force of gravity to that string, stretching it out. Unlike the strong above it, the bottom string is not held down by another object, thus hardly any tension is displayed upon it. The lack of tension can be observed by the way the string is coiled up in a spring-like fashion.
Oil and water : contrived
The picture demonstrates the separation that naturally exists between the substances of water (H20) and oil (H3C). What actually is happening is that the different masses that each substance holds give different densities which don't allow the two to mix. This effect is present no matter the different amounts each liquid may be in a container. The different densities will not mix with water even if it's just a single drop. Oil usually ends up on top, no matter in what order it is placed. This is because oil holds the natural tendency and thus goes on top. Water is also polar, whilst oil is non-polar. This does not allow the two to mix.
